In the above code snippet, x = 1 initially and it follows the following steps afterwards

Check against the limit (6)
Assign x the new value
Increment x with 2
Repeat

First iteration [x = 1] :

Step 1 -- 1 &lt; 6 -- true
Step 2 -- x = 1 * 1 -- 1
Step 3 -- x += 2 -- 1 += 2 -- 3

Second iteration [x = 3]:

Step 1 -- 3 &lt; 6 -- true
Step 2 -- x = 3 * 3 -- 9
Step 3 -- x += 2 -- 9 += 2 -- 11

Third iteration [x = 11]:

Step 1 -- 11 &lt; 6 -- false

So, loop breaks now and 11 will be the final value of x

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